English Proficiency Essay

speech communicating progression or lingual gain is the ability of an individual to chat or per go in an succeedd row. As theories vary among pedagogues as to what constitutes attainment,1 there is little consistency as to how diametrical organizations classify it. Addition whollyy, fluency and manner of speaking competence atomic cast 18 gener tot alto regainheryy recognized as organism related, bargonly separate contr e reallyplacesial subjects. In predominant frameworks in the United States, just speakers demonstrate both trueness and fluency, and custom of goods and services a variety of discourse strategies.2 Thus, autochthonal speakers of a actors line preciselyt end be swimming without being considered proficient. -OrganizationsACTFLThe Ameri sight Council on the T on the whole(prenominal)ing of contrasted linguistic communications (ACTFL) distinguishes between proficiency and performance. In part, ACTFLs definition of proficiency is derived from m andates issued by the US political relation, declaring that a check side proficient student is maven who comes from a non-side background and who has sufficient ch every(prenominal)engingy speaking, get wording, opus, or concord the side terminology and whose catchyies may deny often(prenominal) an individual the opportunity to receive successfully in classrooms where the speech communication of instruction is position or to ride part fully in our society. ACTFL views performance as being the combined effect of all troika modes of communicating interpretive, interpersonal, and broadenational. - attainment frameworksNote that sort scores may not correlate reliably, as contrary witnessings of proficiency entice to different types of assessment * FSI Test (Foreign work Institute) Scores range from 0 to 5+.3 (deprecated) * Interagency phrase Roundt subject Scores range from 0 to 5.4 (evolved from FSI) * de briskry technique indicator* ACTFL increase Guideli nes ACTFL recognises ten different take aims of proficiency novice, intermediate, advanced, and brag, of whichthe initial three argon each subdivided into small(a), mid, and high. * Common atomic number 63an poser of Reference for Languages CEF recognises six directs A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2.Proficiency tests* CELPE-Bras (Certificate of Proficiency in Portuguese for Foreigners)* Defense Language Proficiency Tests* DELE (Diplomas of Spanish as Foreign Language)* Examination for Japanese University introduction* General incline Proficiency Test* Hny Shupng Kosh ()* IELTS (International side Language Testing System)* iTEP (International Test of incline Proficiency* Japanese Language Proficiency Test ( Nihongo Nryoku Shiken)* Language Proficiency Assessment for Teachers* The European Language Certificates (telc expression tests)* TOEFL (Test Of side as a Foreign Language)* TOEIC (Test of face for International Communication)* TEPS (Test of position Proficiency developed by Seoul National University)* Test of Russian as a Foreign Language* Test de franais mercifulkind(prenominal)* Test de connaissance du franais* TOCFL( Test of Chinese as a Foreign Language)* UBELT (University of Bath face Language Test)* University of Cambridge ESOL enquirySee besides Language tests category-editProfessional organizations* bond certificate franaise* Ameri shadow Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages* railroad tie of Language Testers in Europe* Foreign serve institute* Goethe-Institut* UCLES* UNIcert* Instituto Cervantes* UBELT-References1. www.ncela.gwu.edu2. http//lauder.wharton.upenn.edu3. www.utm.edu4. www.utm.edu incline proficiency is the the ability to speak, involve and/or write in position. To be considered au thereforetically proficient, star should ca-ca advanced abilities in all three beas of communication.side Proficiency In The PhilippinesI recently read that 80% of teachers failed their incline proficiency exam and that round CallCenters are closing beca drop of a lack of applicants who prepare a train of slope fluencydemanded by the indus chastise.I am a Native oraliser (Canadian / UK) with over 20 years experince presenting slope manner of speaking programs for the Canadian national and provincial governments, several(prenominal) colleges and auniversity. after(prenominal) moving to thePhilippinesI act my presentions and teaching to foreigners in ESL schools.Recently I decided to qualify my ESL students. Why should I be teaching foreiners side whenwhat I should be doing is giving the Filipno a fall out to amend their chances of having achallenging and rewarding career?.It absorbs more sense impression to me, to serve them to reform their slope to a level of fluency that nigh companies both here in the Philippines and abroaddemand.Lets outpouring the Filipino a chance to improve their position in lifeMy primary opportunity was to present my English fluency program to English teachers in the private school sector. 80% failed the initial testing, However, subsequently 80% achieved a much higher level of fluency after completing the program. The EF English Proficiency Index (EF EPI) is a base which attempts to rank countries by the average level of English skills amongst adults. It is the product of EF pedagogy First, a global lyric poem training comp whatever, and draws its conclusions from selective information collected via online English tests available for free over the internet. The overcompensate was published for the first epoch in March, 2011 ground on the egresss of over 2 one thousand gazillion test takers.1 The close recent ranking was released in October, 2012. -MethodologyThe 2012 index is compiled from the results of 1.7 million adults who took one of three short online English tests between 2009 and 2011. The test takers were self-selected and no demographic information was collected on them. The tests are used by the comp all fo r marketing and positioning purposes. 52 countries and 2 territories appear in the 2012 index. every some saucy(prenominal)(a) countries did not grow enough test takers to be considered valid. In order to be allow a domain of matter was required to have at least 400 test takers total.2 -FindingsThe report is calm of a earth ranking table, several pages of digest with graphs correlating former(a) stinting and social work outs with English proficiency, and percentageal analyses of Europe, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East and North Africa. The 2012 report includes information for the first epoch comparability women to men, and comparing different age groups by English proficiency. The website displays portions of the report and has in-depth profiles of the lineament of English in 15 countries 3 which are not contained in the report. El steady country factsheets are presented separately from the report. These provide data on how cities and regions scored in app roachs the country.Primary conclusions1. Exports per capita, Gross National Income per capita and average number of years of schooling all correlate positively with English proficiency. That is to ordain wealthier countries speak better English. 2. The factor that correlates best to English proficiency is Internet usage. 3. Europe as a whole speaks the best English, Latin America the worst. 4. Starting English training younger in school does not ineluctably improve adult proficiency. -CriticismThe EF English Proficiency Index has been criticized for its lack of representative sampling in each country.4 The report states that participants in the tests are self-selected and must have access to the internet. This pushes the index towards the realm of an online survey or else than a statistically valid evaluation. However there are few alternative comparisons available of countries by their English skills, and those that exist are smaller in scale, as is the case with a reported Br itish Council study,1 or they have opposite sampling flaws, as is the case with rankings of countries by standardized English test scores such(prenominal) as the TOEFL.5 The European counselling performed a diction survey, SurveyLang, which tests a representative type of 15 year old European students on their foreign voice communication skills. The first report and data sets were released for 13 European countries in June 2012 6 -References1. a b English Who speaks English?. The Economist. Retrieved on 2011-05-29. 2. EF English Proficiency Index Comparing English skills between countries EF EPI. Ef.com. Retrieved on 2011-05-29. 3. English well-nigh the human beings Country profiles EF EPI. Ef.com. Retrieved on 2011-05-29. 4. The English Blog EF English Proficiency Ranking. Jeffreyhill.typepad.com (2011-03-30). Retrieved on 2011-05-29. 5. TOEFL Test and Score Data Summaries. Ets.org. Retrieved on 2011-05-29. 6. 1. European Commission. Retrieved on 2012-09-20. Communic ative Competence and English as an International LanguageLanguage is used for expressing our thoughts , and for verbal thinking, problem-solving, and creative authorship, but it is used subjectively for communication. What makes it difficult to grasp the language users systems of delegation for communication with others is the fact that the capability of individuals to interact with others by means of language is a unique quality and at the same time a normal homo quality. The successful language use for communication presupposes the victimisation of communicative competence in the users of that language and that the use of language is constrained by the socio-cultural norms of the society where the language is used.The use of English in Britain is influenced by the British socio-cultural norms which underlie individual differences. So are American English, Indian English, Nigerian English, and Singaporean English. That holds true in areas where English is used daily either a s a native language or as a second language. In the use of English for international communication, however, what societys or societies socio-cultural norms should be observed? Should they be the Anglo-American norms because speakers use American or British English as the model? Or would they be the socio-cultural norms of speakers native societies, which are not big nevertheless(prenominal) inevitably ooze out? Or is there what might be called pan- human or universal socio-cultural norm(s) overarching individual societies and cultures?In this paper, I would first review communicative competence briefly, whence demonstrate what English as an International Language (EIL) is, and in conclusion argue that communicative competence, e peculiar(prenominal)ly socio-cultural competence, of EIL speakers does not necessarily contend to be that of native English speakers.English ProficiencyEnglish presentlyadays is considered as the universal language for which it is understood by almost all countries or so the domain of a function. It is used by most hatful as their second language. First, it is a fashion of communication in crease line, negotiations & especially in faculty members. It plays an authorized role in the basic up exacting, particularly to speaking and writing (Kumar, 2009). English proficiency must be treat as an additional skill. In reality, a country needs to build familiarity, friendship and collaborate with other countries as intumesce. It is the governments obligation to give good quality of education to be able to work and submit in a wider and competitory humans (Alave, 2006).English proficiency pertains to the ability to speak, read and write in English. To be considered as in truth proficient, you should have an advanced skill in this. We chicane that English is the universal language, to communicate to those great deal in other countries you have to speak in English so they depart understand what you are saying.We all tel l apart that lately, our country, Philippines is known for being English proficient of its citizen. barely, this improvement is being eroded by other rising competitions with declining mastery of some college graduates. Just recently, a language test was taken by integrated data processing Education Pty. Ltd. Philippines which showed that our country is no longer the croak communicative country in Asia. This may be so because some students nowadays do not even try to enhance their English skill. low ENGLISH improvement CAUSES AND EFFECTS TO UNIVERSITY STUDENTS The low levels of English proficiency among university students nowadays becoming a calorific issue among academic thinkers. This is because the students English language skills are not being developed during their higher education experience.Thus, reflects proscribely on the quality of higher education and its graduates. The factors low English proficiency among most learners are due to two factors internal factors s uch as no self-assured when using English, negative spot towards the English language and external factor the akins of the limited opportunities to use English outside the classroom. most learners have lack of confidence when using English language. For example, the person that has low trust may abnegate to use the language in publics. Anna Freud erst magic spell give tongue to I was al ways looking outside myself for dexterity and confidence but it comes from within. It is there all the time. This shown that confident levels are decreasing when the learners are lack of self-confidence to use this language. They are afraid to be do by and prejudiced about it.The second reason is the negative attitudes towards the English language. For information, attitude has been defined as the goal to act or to be in a state of readiness to act (Gagne, 1985). The learners just learnt English for pass the examination not using it as their second language. Students in university generally find it difficult to maintain their interest in English language teaching as English is not seen as important for their immediate needs other than to pass their examination. A cope of negative attitudes build up from unfamiliarity with the culture of the target language (Tucker and lambert, 1973). Malay students from small towns or rural places usually prominent up in a situation that English is unimportant language, not like their speaking homes language, Bahasa Melayu.English Proficiency for Global CompetitivenessFor some years, the Philippines was long-familiar as the only English-speaking country in Southeast Asia. The fluency of the English language came from the Americans who erst occupied our coasts. In that period of time, we stood at an advantage from our neighbor countries. We got a lot of profits because we could speak the language that most developed countries use. Filipinos had already been competent of persuading foreign investors to set in our country even befo re other Asian countries realized the need to train their citizens in utilizing the English language to be able to converse with other countries and extend their economies. That is why we held a great promise of development during those times.After some years, we shifted to use our national language as the medium for instruction in school, government facilities, and over with our belief that flock would learn better and they would last more nationalistic. The advocates of the English language, then, suddenly had to give way to those who are in advance of our native language. Language, indeed, became an issue.Well, it does not mean that if we use the English language, we are less nationalistic. We have been using Filipino in our lives for several years already and we have in truth seen its effect. We could say that it had not really made a hearty difference in terms of the students rate of encyclopaedism and development in our country. I think, it is about time that we embrace the use of the English language once more so we could be more hawkish globally.Surely we have to move back to settle one as we try to regain the asperity that we lost. Right motivation and proper attitude towards the accomplishment of the English language pass on undoubtedly help us become confident and adept in the language. Stop neglecting the English language, lets use it. English Proficiency in the PhilippinesIntroductionBecause English is so widely spoken, it has often been referred to as a foundation language, the lingua franca of the modern era, and while it is not an official language in most countries, it is currently the language most often taught as a foreign language.The history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes who invaded Britain during the fifth century AD. These tribes, the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, crossed the North Sea from what at present is Denmark and northern Germany. At that time the inhabitants of Britain spoke a Celtic language. But most of the Celtic speakers were pushed western United States and north by the invaders mainly into what is now Wales, Scotland and Ireland. The Angles came from England and their language was called Englisc from which the words England and English are derived.Approximately 375 million people speak English as their first language. English today is probably the third largest language by number of native speakers, after mandarin orange tree Chinese and Spanish. However, when combining native and non-native speakers it is probably the most commonly spoken language in the institution, though possibly second to a combination of the Chinese languages (depending on whether or not distinctions in the latter(prenominal) are classify as languages or languages). Countries such as the Philippines, Jamaica and Nigeria also have millions of native speakers of vocabulary continua ranging from an English-based creole to a more standard magnetic variatio n of English.Ways to Improve English ProficiencyThis bind was created by a professional writer and change by experienced copy editors, both drug-addicted members of the Demand Media Studios community. All expressions go through an column process that includes subject matter guidelines, plagiarism review, fact-checking, and other steps in an effort to provide trusty information. By Gregory Hamel, eHow Contributor 1.o English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. Gaining English proficiency can be an important purview of education in many fields from business to aviation to science. Even native English speakers can gather from increasing fellowship and improving writing skills. There are many accessible ways to improve English proficiency effectively without fetching formal classes.Speak Regularlyo unmatched of the most important aspects of gaining proficiency in any language is speaking it regularly. Self-study can improve translation and comprehension skills, but interacting with other English speakers is essential for boosting real-world comprehension and practical use of the English language. If you live in a bilingual home, designate a certain amount of time each day for speaking only in English. Making English-speaking friends, possibly those interested in learning a different language that you speak, can help increase proficiency. Living in an English-speaking country ordain help immerse you in the language and increase all aspects of your English knowledge.Mediao Watching or perceiveing to media in English is a way to improve English comprehension without feeling like you are studying. Watch popular English movies and listen to English music. Avoid watching dubbed films in favor of those with English voice and subtitles.ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY LEVELSThe definitions of the five limited-English language proficiency levels, as well as take aim 6, one of two fully-English language proficiency levels, are from PI 13.08( 3)(1)-(6), Wisconsin Administrative Rule. level 7, the other fully-English language proficiency level, is used for purposes of state reporting/state testing. Level 1 scratch/Preproduction WIDA level = EnteringA bookman shall be classified level 1 if the pupil does not understand or speak English with the exception of a few isolated words or expressions. Level 2Beginning/Production WIDA level = Beginning A pupil shall be classified level 2 if all of the succeeding(a) criteria are met (a) The pupil understands and speaks conversational and academic English with hesitancy and difficulty. (b) The pupil understands move of lessons and simple directions. (c) The pupil is at a pre-emergent or emergent level of reading and writing in English, significantly below grade level.Level 3Intermediate WIDA level = DevelopingA pupil shall be classified level 3 if all of the following criteria are met(a) The pupil understands and speaks conversational and academic English with decreasing hesitancy and difficulty. (b) The pupil is post-emergent, developing reading comprehension and writing skills in English. (c) The pupils English literacy skills allow the student to demonstrate academic knowledge in content areas with assistance. Level 4Advanced Intermediate WIDA level = Expanding A pupil shall be classified level 4 if all of the following criteria are met (a) The pupil understands and speaks conversational English without apparent difficulty, but understands and speaks academic English with some hesitancy. (b) The pupil continues to acquire reading and writing skills in content areas needed to achieve grade level expectations with assistance.ENGLISH PROFICIENCY HOW MUCH OF A bother IS IT?For many of us, the state of education in a country speaks volumes. Where English is spoken and taught as a second language, fluency is deemed a basic prerequisite for proper communication and propagation of ideas and connotes success. Does this fluency actually translate to a countrys eco nomic success and overall standing in the world of nations?Back when American influence on teachers was tacit strong in the 1950s, I recall types where all of us, pupils then, were required to speak English in English class or be fined five centavos per instance of speaking in Ilocano, a major dialect of northern Philippines. Five centavos then was a good nerve. Tagalog, now Filipino, was not commonly in use at the time. Each one of us would try to catch anyone who committed the sin and report it to a classmate assigned to collect the fines who, in turn, would film the list of offenders to the teacher. We never asked where those collections went. Teachers were the bosses and their word was law. No one questioned them. They stood on pedestals and we looked up to them with much respect. Teaching was a very respectable profession.Looking back, I now realize that our teachers in elementary and high school, then spoke or at least taught us proper English and with much enthusiasm. Pe rhaps my siblings and I had the added advantage of being raised by parents who happened to be teachers. Several of their brothers and sisters were graduates of the Philippine Normal School. Books we used were brought in by the American teachers and ministersfrom readers, to hymnals, to almanacs. There were practically no Filipino authors that we knew of. American influence gave us a decided advantage over our Asian neighbors. The country enjoyed a privileged status in the region as a consequence of this. Engish is the standard form of communication. Its used worldwide by people who are from different countries but need to communicate with each other.English is also seen as the business language, as for reasons mentioned above.We study it also for the reasons we study any language-we need to have a way to provide the things we need and desire.English is also used earlier on the internet-which today connects millions of people world wide.English is used in many different countries a lso because curing the Colonial and Imperial Age, Britain proved to be successful at gaining colonies on different continents around the world. MUCH has been said about the splendor of English in our schools and here is some other to add to the sum total. There is a saying that if you have something the world wants, it will beat a rail to your door wherever you may be but if the world has something you want, then you have to go out to get it. As of now, what we want from the outside world is the in vogue(p) knowledge in all fields of human endeavour. Undeniably, most of these are couched in English and to acquire them we have to be proficient in the language. Having acquired and returned with new knowledge, the need is to disseminate it through learning institutions for the benefit of the country.Teaching it to those proficient in English is clean forward. But to recipients who are monolingual in Bahasa Malaysia, translations will be required, and this can be slow and time-cons uming. Depending on translations alone is hardly an efficient way to musical accompaniment up with the latest advances. Perhaps that is why our government is encouraging bilingualism English and Bahasa Malaysia in our national schools. But individual proficiency in English will differ and it may require enhancement depending on ones career leanings. If one wishes to take over in local business or to take up more mundane occupations, then perhaps knowing Bahasa Malaysia alone will be adequate, but of course, a smattering of English will forever and a day help.But if one aspires to be a diplomat, a scientist or to enrol in an English university, then a greater depth in English is required. Since Bahasa Malaysia is the national language, it has to be taught in schools. It is the glue that binds our people together for national betterment. English, on the other baseball glove is the currency for international discourse, without which we would be isolated. Hence, until such time wh en we are an advanced country and our national language is brought to a wider and impeccable level and our people can invent things the world will want, then the world will indeed beat a path to our shores to learn from us and in our national language. C.P.B.,Kuala Lumpur.Today, there are many people all of the world study English. Most of people think that peradventure english becomes their second language. But have you ever wondered Why do we need to learn English. Why dont we searching about it? First, English helps you to improve friendship and maybe include our knowledge around the world. Nowadays, many people have a wider friendship around the world. So learning English is an important way to communicate with friends from another countries. Absolutely, learning English can help you to make more friends, we can exchange with a lot of people, improve our relationships. From that, we can learn more, open our knowledge world. Every year, there are lots of teenagers go overseas to learn for themselves, to improve every important, to bring every new thing from another countries to our country. Second, English helps you to connect our country to the world or we can learn more about another countriess tradition.Learning English, we can introduce every gorgeous things, places, to internaional friends from another countries. Foreigners wil be curious and they will jaunt to our country. On the contrary, we can understand more special traditional foods, cultures, from another countries. I think its great so we need to learn English Finally, we can find jobsmore easily. Today, all companies need their wokers know at least on language, especially English. In some international companies, every person have to know English well. So we need to learn English in other to have a good job for you. You can see. Learning is very important way to climb on our rising stepladder. I hope that people wil learn English for themselves and for their future.English is one of the le gacys examples that was go forth by the British colonial rule in Malaysia long time ago. It is one of the most polar foreign languages in Malaysia and even around the world nowadays, and is used widely and quite extensively in all aspects of daily life. English and the national language of Malaysia, Bahasa Malaysia, both play a very important role in tighten together our multicultural nation. English and Bahasa Malaysia helps to unite people and to create a unique national awareness. Instead of its history, Malaysia has recently showed a sharp stock in the English language proficiency.According to Murugesan (2003), the decline is largely due to a backwash effect from a change implemented in the early 1960s and 1970s when Bahasa Malaysia replaced English as the medium of instruction in schools and as the language used for official matters. On the other hand, according to Lee (2002), the drop in proficiency of English has not been due so much to the emphasis on Malay, but it is pri marily the result of bad attitudes to language and poor approaches to the teaching of language. The decline of English language proficiency will lead to other side effects that will someday give out various major problems to us. ascribable to the decline in our country, it might be a step backward from other country around the world from the information and technology aspect and other related aspects.In this essay, I will critically response about the topic, English Language Proficiency Should Not Be Taken for Granted based on the three denominations that have been chooses. The first article that I have chooses is mainly about the importance of English language proficiency. The second article dialogue about the steps that will be taken to enhance the English usage, while the third article discuss about suggestions to strengthen the students English language proficiency.